How to Run Ethernet Cable Through Walls: A Comprehensive Guide

Many new homes these days do not have internal Ethernet cable wiring due to the widespread usage of Wi-Fi. However, using Ethernet cables for a wired connection can offer a more stable and faster internet connection, something Wi-Fi often can't match. This is especially important for gamers who need the lowest latency. 

If you're setting up a home office, gaming system, or simply want better connectivity throughout your home, learning how to run Ethernet cable through walls is essential. This guide walks you through the step-by-step process of running Ethernet cable through wall, ensuring you have all the necessary tools and materials. We'll also cover safety tips, common mistakes to avoid, and how to troubleshoot any issues that may arise after installation. 

How to Run Ethernet Cable Through Walls

Running Ethernet cable through house can seem like a daunting task. However, with the right tools and a clear guide, you can achieve a clean, professional installation that enhances your home network. Below, we outline the key stages involved, from preparation to final installation.

Essential Tools and Necessary Materials Needed

Before you start, gather all the necessary tools and materials. Having everything ready will make the process smoother and more efficient.

Tools:

• Electric drill
• 3/4-inch spade drill bit
• Pencil
• Stud finder
• Drywall (keyhole) saw
• Flashlight
• Wire cutter and stripper
• RJ45 crimp and cutter tool
• network cable tester
• Cable clips and ties.

Supplies:

• Ethernet cables
• Labels
• Ethernet sockets and wall plates
• Fish tape
• Electrical tape
• RJ45 connectors

Cable Selection Tip: When selecting Ethernet cables, Cat5e, Cat6, and Cat6a cables are the most common options. CAT7 and CAT8 cables can be overkill for most home and office environments.

Cat5e cables support speeds up to 1 Gbps and are suitable for general use. Cat6 cables offer higher speeds up to 10 Gbps over shorter distances, while Cat6a cables support 10 Gbps speeds over longer distances with better shielding to reduce interference. Consider your current network requirements, future needs, and the environment where the cable will be installed to make the choice. 

Step-by-Step Guide to Run Ethernet Cable Through Walls

With your tools and materials ready, it's time to get to work. Follow these step-by-step instructions to successfully run Ethernet cables through walls and improve your home network:

1. Plan Your Cable Route

Before you begin, decide the optimal path for your Ethernet cable. Consider the location of your router and the devices you want to connect and plot the shortest route possible. Use a stud finder to locate wall studs and avoid them when planning your route. Mark the entry and exit points where the cable will run through the walls with a pencil. 

2. Cut the Openings

Using a drywall saw, cut openings for your wall plates at the marked entry and exit points. Ensure the openings are at the same height as existing electrical outlets for a uniform look. 

3. Drill Entry and Exit Holes

At the cut openings, drill holes that are large enough for the cable to pass through without damaging it. Use a long, flexible drill bit to navigate through the wall cavities, being careful to avoid any electrical wiring or plumbing. 

4. Fish and Run the Cable

Insert the fish tape through the drilled holes. Secure the Ethernet cable to the fish tape using electrical tape, ensuring it is firmly attached. Carefully pull the fish tape through the wall, guiding the Ethernet cable along the planned path. 

Slowly and steadily pull the cable through the wall, ensuring it doesn't snag or kink. If you're running multiple cables, label each cable with its destination. 

5. Terminate the Cable Ends

Once the cable is through, cut it to the required length, leaving some extra slack. Strip the cable ends and untwist the wires. Insert the wires into the RJ45 pass-through connectors and crimp them securely. 

6. Install Wall Plates

Secure the terminated cable ends to the wall plates. Attach the wall plates to the wall openings, ensuring they are flush and securely fastened. This provides a clean and professional finish to your installation. 

7. Test the Connection

After installing the wall plates, test the Ethernet connection to ensure everything is functioning correctly. Use a network cable tester to verify the integrity of the connection and ensure there are no wiring issues.

8. Secure and Organize

Finally, secure any excess cable and organize it neatly within the wall or along the baseboards. Use cable ties or clips to keep the cable in place and prevent it from moving or getting damaged.

Safety Tips for Running Ethernet Cable Through Walls

When running Ethernet cable through wall, safety should be your top priority. Here are some crucial safety tips to ensure a secure and successful installation:

• Turn Off the Power:Before starting, always turn off the electricity to the circuits you'll be working nearby. If unsure, switch off the main breaker to the entire house to ensure safety.
• Use a Stud Finder:Use a stud finder to locate wall studs and avoid drilling into them. This prevents accidental damage and ensures a clear path for your cables.
• Wear Safety Gear:Wear protective eyewear and gloves to protect yourself from dust and debris. A dust mask can also be helpful when cutting drywall.
• Check for Existing Wires and Pipes:Be cautious of existing electrical wires and plumbing pipes inside the walls. Use a wire and pipe detector to avoid damaging them.
• Label Your Cables:Clearly label both ends of the Ethernet cables during installation. This prevents confusion and makes future maintenance or upgrades easier and safer.
• Use the Right Tools:Use the correct tools, such as an electric drill and spade bit, for the job. Improper tools can lead to accidents and poor results. 

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Running Ethernet Cable Through Walls

Running Ethernet cables through walls can improve your network, but several common mistakes can make the process more difficult. One frequent error is not planning the cable route properly. Without a clear plan, you might end up drilling unnecessary holes and wasting materials. Always map out your route before starting.

Another common mistake is ignoring safety precautions. Failing to turn off the power or check for existing wires and pipes can lead to dangerous accidents. Always use a stud finder and a wire detector to avoid hitting any hidden obstacles. Wearing appropriate safety gear is also crucial to protect yourself from dust and debris.

Lastly, many people forget to label their cables. Without labels, it can be challenging to identify the correct cables during troubleshooting or future upgrades. Take the time to label each cable at both ends, and you'll save yourself a lot of hassle later on. Proper organization is key to a successful installation.

Troubleshoot Issues After Installation

After installing Ethernet cables, you may encounter some common issues. Here's how you can troubleshoot and resolve any issues that may occur:

No Connection or Intermittent Connection

If your device isn't recognizing the Ethernet connection, or the connection drops frequently, here's what to do:

• Check Cable Connections:Ensure that all connectors are securely attached to the cable and the wall plates. A loose connection can cause intermittent or no connectivity.
• Test with a Network Tester:Use a network tester to check the integrity of the cable and connectors. This tool can identify issues like breaks or poor connections within the cable.
• Replace Suspect Components:If a specific cable or connector appears faulty, replace it and retest the connection.

Slow Network Speeds

If the network speed is slower than expected, check these:

• Verify Cable Type: Ensure you're using the correct category of Ethernet cable (Cat5e, Cat6, etc.) for your desired network speeds.
• Check for Interference:Ensure the cable is not running parallel to electrical wires, as this can cause electromagnetic interference and slow down network speeds.
• Inspect for Damage:Check the entire length of the cable for any visible damage or kinks, which can affect performance.

Wall Plate Issues

If the connection issues persist, verify whether the wall plates are loose, or the connectors are not making proper contact.

• Secure Wall Plates: Ensure that the wall plates are firmly attached to the wall and that the connectors are properly seated.
• Inspect Connectors:Check that the connectors are correctly crimped and making good contact with the cable wires. If you suspect the cable has crossed wires, uncap the Ethernet port in the wall to access the wires. Re-arrange the wires according to the Ethernet standards T568A or T568B and re-install the cap.

Conclusion

Learning how to run Ethernet cable through walls can seem daunting, but with the right preparation and guidance, it becomes a manageable DIY project that can significantly improve your home network's performance. By following the step-by-step instructions and safety tips provided in this guide, you can avoid common mistakes and ensure a smooth installation process. With these insights on how to run Ethernet cables, you're well-equipped to create a more reliable and efficient network setup in your home.

FAQs

How to run an Ethernet cable through a house without drilling?

Running an Ethernet cable without drilling can be done using existing pathways. Utilize spaces such as attics, basements, and crawl spaces to run the cables. You can also use cable concealers or adhesive cable clips to run the cables along baseboards or door frames, keeping them out of sight without the need for drilling.

Do you need an electrician to run Ethernet?

You don't necessarily need an electrician to run Ethernet cables. If you're comfortable with basic DIY tasks and have the right tools, you can do it yourself. However, if you encounter complex issues or feel uncertain, hiring a professional can ensure the job is done safely and correctly.

What type of Ethernet cable should I use?

The type of Ethernet cable you should use depends on your needs. For most home networks, Cat6 and Cat6a cables are a good choice as they support high-speed connections up to 10 Gbps and are future-proof for most applications. If you need even higher speeds and better performance over longer distances, consider using Cat7 or Cat8 cables. 

Does a USB-C to Ethernet adapter add latency compared to Ethernet cables?

Yes, USB-C to Ethernet adapters can introduce some latency compared to direct Ethernet cables. This latency is typically minimal and often not noticeable for regular internet browsing or even streaming. However, for tasks that require very low latency, such as online gaming or real-time video conferencing, a direct Ethernet connection without an adapter might provide slightly better performance.